Here’s the short version of what my encyclopedia could tell me about temperature inversions:
When the air closest to the ground is colder than the layer above it. The latter acts like a lid, which makes the smoke from the heating plant go straight up at first and then veer off under the layer of warmer air.

This morning my thermometer showed minus-30-point-something and I was sorely tempted to just turn around and return to bed. But… duty called, so I donned my parka and headed out the door.

This view from my classroom almost made it worthwhile to drag myself to work!